Image by Nino Carè from Pixabay The World Health Organization reports that limited access to quality education sharply increases the risk of illness and early

On 3 December 2025, the French Ministry of Health reported two imported human Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) cases with travel history to the Arabian Peninsula.

This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 29 November - 5 December 2025 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, chikungunya, West Nile virus, Marburg virus disease, Influenza A(H5N2), HIV/AIDS surveillance, Ebola, Middle East Respiratory virus (MERS), shigellosis Cabo Verde.

G. Capoferri et al.

N. S. Zuckerman et al.

J. de Vasconcelos et al.

H. A. Abernathy et al.

E. S. Bergo et al.

D. A. Conley et al.

G. Capoferri et al.

N. S. Zuckerman et al.

J. de Vasconcelos et al.

H. A. Abernathy et al.

E. S. Bergo et al.

D. A. Conley et al.

A. M. Leis et al.

M. Dulcey et al.

N. M. M’ikanatha et al.

A. M. Leis et al.

M. Dulcey et al.